Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the small branches in the lungs. These tubes are lined with hair cells that normally help remove pollutants and dust; when inflamed, they no longer work properly and fill with mucus. This mucus has to be expelled, which causes the characteristic cough. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic.

What is the difference between acute and chronic bronchitis?

Acute bronchitis appears occasionally after a cold and heals on its own within a few days, although its progress should be monitored to ensure it does not turn into pneumonia. Chronic bronchitis mainly affects smokers and people exposed to fine particles or noxious gases; it can reduce breathing capacity and lead to emphysema.

What are the symptoms of bronchitis?

Acute bronchitis usually starts with symptoms similar to a common cold or flu. The most prominent symptom is a persistent cough that can last for weeks and may produce clear, white, yellow or greenish mucus. Other symptoms include chest discomfort or tightness, shortness of breath with wheezing, fatigue, sore throat and nasal congestion.

How long does acute bronchitis last?

Acute bronchitis generally lasts about two to three weeks, although the cough can linger for up to four weeks. Most other symptoms, such as fever or chest pain, tend to resolve within the first week or two. The cough usually improves in intensity and frequency over time.

How can the symptoms of bronchitis be relieved?

There is no specific cure for acute bronchitis, as it is usually viral and resolves on its own. Rest and good hydration help, as drinking plenty of fluids thins the mucus and makes it easier to cough up. A humidifier can soothe irritated airways, and over-the-counter pain relievers can ease fever and discomfort. It is best to avoid smoking and other irritants, which can worsen symptoms and prolong recovery.

When should you see a doctor about bronchitis?

If you have bronchitis and the symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to see a doctor. A visit allows a check that there are no complications such as a bacterial infection or pneumonia. In most cases acute bronchitis resolves without antibiotics, but if a bacterial infection is suspected or you have underlying health issues, a doctor may prescribe them.

What is the difference between acute and chronic respiratory illnesses?

Respiratory illnesses affect the lungs and airways and are categorised as acute or chronic. Acute respiratory illnesses are short-term conditions that develop suddenly and typically last from a few days to a few weeks, and most are curable with appropriate treatment. Chronic respiratory illnesses persist for long periods, often for life, and require ongoing management.

What are the most common acute respiratory illnesses?

The most common acute respiratory illnesses include the common cold, a mild viral infection of the upper respiratory tract; influenza, a more intense viral infection causing high fever, body aches and fatigue; bronchitis, in which the airways become inflamed; pneumonia, a lung infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi; and COVID-19, which can range from mild symptoms to severe pneumonia.

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Pulmonologist (lung doctor) in Switzerland: book an appointment online today

What is bronchitis?

What is the difference between acute and chronic bronchitis?

What are the symptoms of bronchitis?

How long does acute bronchitis last?

How can the symptoms of bronchitis be relieved?

When should you see a doctor about bronchitis?

What is the difference between acute and chronic respiratory illnesses?

What are the most common acute respiratory illnesses?

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